The German painter Anton Raphael Mengs went down in art history as a pioneer of classicism. Classicism stands for an epoch that lasted from 1770 to 1840. The art epoch replaced the baroque and was composed of three stylistic movements - Biedermeier, Empire and Louis-seize. Classicism is characterized by straightforward, simple forms and a rational coolness. The similarity to classical-antique models was always present. The German archaeologist Johann Joachim Winckelmann is regarded as the founder of the style epoch, who, in addition to his research work, was also strongly committed to German art history.
Anton Raphael Mengs comes from a family of artists. His father Ismael was court painter for the Saxonian high nobility. Early on he taught his son and his sister Theresa painting. After school Anton Mengs followed his father to Rome. Here father and son studied the old masters - Michelangelo and Raphael. After his return from Italy Anton worked as a cabinet painter in Dresden. Before he took up a position as a court painter for Friedrich August II, Anton Raphael Mengs travelled to Rome again. Here he converted to Catholicism to marry his future wife, the Roman Margherita Guazzi. At the court of Friedrich August II Anton earned very well. But Italy did not let go of the young painter. He travelled to Florence and Venice before settling in Rome for the third time. Now he was appointed a member of the Accademia di San Luca - an artists' association once founded by Pope Gregory. The group advocated a reform of the teaching of art. The coat of arms of the Accademia di San Luca still hangs in Rome today.
In the artists' association Anton meets Johann Joachim Winckelmann, who introduces him to the world of classicism. The two are close friends throughout their lives. In the years that followed, Winckelmann had a considerable influence on the further development of Anton Raphael Mengs's understanding of art. This fact was reflected in his paintings. But Winckelmann was not the only one who had a decisive influence on the German painter. The Spaniard José Nicolás de Azara, who acted as a diplomat and patron of the arts, also became a silent patron of Meng's art. For many years he supported him in publishing his works in Europe. His influence in Rome increased. He made a name for himself. He also did not remain unknown to Pope Clemens. In 1755 he was appointed Knight of the Order of the Golden Spur at a great ceremony - which is still a great honor today. The Spanish royal family then commissioned a portrait of him. A follow-up commission came about. Anton was commissioned to decorate the royal palace in Madrid. He accepted this invitation. In the following years he alternated between commissions at the Spanish royal house and the Vatican. He was also appointed president of the Accademia di San Luca.
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.jpg "The Dream of St. Joseph by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "The Dream of Saint Joseph by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Wall Painting of a Roman House on the Grounds of Villa Negroni in Rome, Venus and a Nymph with Erotes. 1778 by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Wall Painting of a Roman House on the Grounds of Villa Negroni in Rome, Venus with Cupids. 1778 by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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 published 1784 - (MeisterDrucke-204925).jpg "The Interview of Augustus and Cleopatra, engraved by Richard Earlom, published 1784 by Anton Raphael Mengs")
 published 1784 - (MeisterDrucke-204925).jpg)
.jpg "Jupiter and Ganymede by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Male Nude Study by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-23302).jpg "Infante Francisco Javier of Spain (1757-1771) by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of John, 7th Earl of Galloway, Three-Quarter-Length by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Saint Cecilia by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Male Nude Study by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Seated Male Nude, Nearly Frontal, Left Leg Raised and Held with Both Hands by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1707823).jpg "Portrait of Thomas Conolly (1738-1803) by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "The Adoration of the Shepherds by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1457626).jpg "The Infant Christ Appearing to St. Anthony of Padua by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Greek Dancer by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of a Woman by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of Maria Antonia, Electress of Saxony by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of John Viscount Garlies, Later 7th Earl of Galloway, as Master of Garlies by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Joseph")
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.jpg "Portrait of State Minister Baron Wilhelm von Edelsheim by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Seated Male Nude, Diagonally to the Right, Looking Up by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Seated Male Nude from Behind, Leaning Left, Holding a Staff with Right by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Self-Portrait by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "A Seated Male Nude by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Seated Male Nude, Diagonally to the Right, with Vine Wreath and Drinking Bowl in the Right Hand by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of a Boy by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1711670).jpg "Portrait of an Elderly Gentleman (Template for an Engraving) by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of Infante Gabriel of Spain by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Self-Portrait by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-37081).jpg "Ferdinand IV, King of Naples (1751-1825) by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Apollo, Mnemosyne, and the Nine Muses by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "St. John the Baptist Preaching in the Wilderness by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Madonna and Child with Two Angels, 1770-73 by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "George, Third Earl Cowper (1738-1789) by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Adoration of the Shepherds with the Father God in a Glory of Angels by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of King Charles III of Spain by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-94642).jpg "Giacomo Casanova by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-921).jpg "George, 3rd Earl Cowper (1738-1789) by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of Ferdinand IV (detail) by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Self Portrait by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of Pope Clemens XIII Rezzonico by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1031431).jpg "Annunciation by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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_und_Prinz_von_Polen_-_(MeisterDrucke-1713628).jpg "Crown Prince Friedrich Christian of Saxony (1722-1763) and Prince of Poland by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-126241).jpg "Portrait of Pope Pius VII by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Perseus and Andromeda, 1777 by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Descent of the Holy Spirit by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Self Portrait by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1583038).jpg "Infant Gabriel de Bourbon by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "The Judgment of Paris by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "The Judgment of Paris by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of Isabel Parrena Arce, Ruiz de Alarcon y Valdes, Marquesa de Llano, 1770 by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of the Artist")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-143763).jpg "The Adoration of the Shepherds by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Putti with a Pelican (detail) by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Truth, 1756 by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of Louis du Silvestre by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of Cardinal Alberico Archinto by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "The Holy Family with the Infant St John the Baptist by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "The Descent from the Cross, 1760s by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Sybil by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of William Burton Conyngham by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "The Holy Family with Saint Elizabeth, Saint John the Baptist and Two Angels by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of Isabel Parreño y Arce, Marquesa de Llano by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Jupiter Kissing Ganymede by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1657925).jpg "Ferdinand IV, King of Naples and the Two Sicilies by Anton Raphael Mengs")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-1657925).jpg)
 c1761 - (MeisterDrucke-88981).jpg "Portrait of Charles III, c.1761 by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Personification of Three Parts of the Day in Greek Mythology by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of Isabel Parreno Arce and, Marquesa de Llano, c.1771-2 by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "The Adoration of the Shepherds by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "The Judgment of Paris by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Saint John the Baptist Preaching by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Maria Josepha of Austria by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Parnassus, 1761 by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Allegory from the Clementino Museum by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-121734).jpg "Self-Portrait in a Medallion by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "William Fermor by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Self Portrait by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of Don Luis de Borbón, Infante of Spain, 1769 by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Charles IV of Spain as Prince of Asturias, ca 1764-1765 by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Testament of Eudamida by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "William Fermor, 1757 by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of Infanta Maria Josefa of Spain by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "The Holy Family with the Infant St. John by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Wall Painting of a Roman House on the Grounds of Villa Negroni in Rome, Venus and the Wounded Adonis by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Jupiter Kissing Ganymede, 1759-1760 by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Andromeda and Perseus holding his Pegasus mount by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of a Young Girl, Probably Julie Carlotta Mengs, Sister of the Artist by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of Johann Joachim Winckelmann by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "St. John the Baptist Preaching in the Wilderness by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Self Portrait by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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_Peinture_de_Anton_Raphael_M_-_(MeisterDrucke-1325426).jpg "Portrait of the Engraver Francesco Bartolozzi by Anton Raphael Mengs")
_Peinture_de_Anton_Raphael_M_-_(MeisterDrucke-1325426).jpg)
_Infant_dEspagne_Chevalier_du_-_(MeisterDrucke-1324966).jpg "Portrait of François Xavier de Bourbon, Infant of Spain, Knight of the Holy Spirit by Anton Raphael Mengs")
_Infant_dEspagne_Chevalier_du_-_(MeisterDrucke-1324966).jpg)
_Peinture_de_Anton_Raphael_Mengs_(1728-1779)_vers_17_-_(MeisterDrucke-1323607).jpg "Self-portrait by Anton Raphael Mengs")
_Peinture_de_Anton_Raphael_Mengs_(1728-1779)_vers_17_-_(MeisterDrucke-1323607).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-1585106).jpg "Infant Antonio Pascual de Bourbon by Anton Raphael Mengs")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-1585106).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-381942).jpg "Louis de Silvestre (detail) by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of the Marquise de Llano, Isabel Parreno by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-96435).jpg "Madonna and Child with Two Angels, 1770-73 (detail) by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "Portrait of Mary Carolina of Austria by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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.jpg "The Dream of St. Joseph by Anton Raphael Mengs")
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