The history of art in Australia ranges from the creatively impressive prehistoric testimonies of the Aboriginal people of about 40,000 years ago and their tree bark and rock paintings and stone carvings to the strongly influenced by European Modernism, but still clearly Australian painting of the Impressionist-oriented "Heidelberg School" in the late 19th century. This includes the Impressionist-oriented Heidelberg School in the late 19th century, the more recent indigenous styles of the Hermannsburg School in the 1930s and the Western Desert Art Movement in the 1970s, as well as the diverse contemporary Australian art. Internationally renowned and successful painters, designers, photographers, sculptors and draughtsmen such as Ken Done, Rolf Harris, Ricky Swallow as well as Patricia Piccinini and Susan Norrie are also to be mentioned here. The representatives of "Contemporary Indigenous Australian art", some of whom have received several art awards, such as Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri, Kaapa Tjampitjinpa, Linda Syddick Napaltjarri, John Mawurndjul and Jenni Kemarre Martiniello also enjoy a good reputation today.
While these and many other contemporary Australian artists are able to make a living in their home country, which is far from the rest of the world, thanks to modern information and communication technologies and transport links, this was much more difficult for their predecessors throughout the 19th and even early 20th centuries. The art from "Down Under", at that time viewed with much scepticism on the part of Europeans towards the notorious British penal colony, was accepted as such almost exclusively in the form of illustrations of exotic Australian fauna and flora. Pictures, paintings and drawings of Ferdinand Bauer, Charles Alexandre Lesueur, John William Lewin, Benjamin Duterrau, Robert Hawker Dowling, John Glover and Conrad Martens thus circulated almost exclusively in Australia itself, and even the first galleries and museums, such as the "National Gallery of Victoria" in Melbourne in 1861, were not created until the middle of the 19th century. However, this international isolation slowly came to an end from the 1880s and 1890s onwards, and artists such as Arthur Streeton, Frederick McCubbin and Tom Roberts were also increasingly honoured overseas for skilful depictions of the typical colours, landscapes and lighting conditions of Australia.
Another of the first Australian artists to be successful abroad was the painter, author, printmaker and illustrator Mortimer Luddington Menpes, who was born and raised in Port Adelaide, but whose career actually took its course in Great Britain and not in Australia. After his family had moved back to England in 1875, he began his art education in 1878 at the School of Art in London and exhibited for the first time in 1880 at the Royal Academy. Inspired by a sketch tour of Brittany and influenced by Japanese designs, Menpes became a major figure in the renaissance of etching and produced more than 700 etchings, usually printed by himself. During the Boer War in South Africa from 1900 onwards, he worked as an illustrator and subsequently undertook extensive travels to Burma, Egypt, France, India, Italy, Japan, Kashmir, Mexico, Morocco and Spain. Menpes made a good living from printing his drawn impressions of foreign countries, but was also known for his skilful oil paintings and watercolours. He also devoted himself to the professional cultivation of carnations and founded two printing works in London and Watford to produce colour illustrated books using the Hentschel colour type process, which was new at the time.
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.jpg "Portrait of Mr. Cecil Rhodes, c1901 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1504946).jpg "World’s Children: Cingalese, Early Morning by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "The Street with the Gallery by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Over the Bridge by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "On the Yellow River, 1903 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1485872).jpg "World")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1482853).jpg "World’s Children: Japanese, One of our New Allies by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1485922).jpg "World’s Children: Burmese, Standing at Attention by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Back Canal, Osaka by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Beyond Hammersmith Bridge by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "An Elephant Reception for the Prince of Wales, Illustration from")
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.jpg "King Babar")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1485858).jpg "World")
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.jpg "Bronze-workers by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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 (wc on paper) - (MeisterDrucke-560933).jpg "Portrait of Cecil Rhodes by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-90198).jpg "The Pont des Arts (Late Afternoon) by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "On the Great Canal, Osaka by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "At the Steps of a Palace by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Street in Naples by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "The Houses of Parliament by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Seed Stall, Delhi by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Apricot-Blossom Street by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Porta della Carta, Doge")
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.jpg "A Japanese Street Scene by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Wood-Cutters, Jeypore by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Flower Market by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "News by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "At a Street Corner, Amritsar by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Water-carrier by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Grain-sellers, 1905 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Native Chiefs in Delhi by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "On the Alipur Road by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Goschenen by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "The Stall by the Bridge by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1496262).jpg "Outside the Cathedral, Quimper by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Vegetable Market, Delhi by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Leading to the Temple by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-368714).jpg "A Tea House, Shanghai, c.1909 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Wet Weather by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "On the River Steps at Agra by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Dorchester Abbey by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Type of Dutch Residence by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Native Bullock-cart, 1905 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "An Unclassified Shop by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Young Japan by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1511012).jpg "Mediaeval Houses, Vitre by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "The Samaritan Woman by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "An Elephant and Retainers from Bikanir by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Famous Well, Delhi by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1485920).jpg "World’s Children: Chinese, How Good by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Mid-Day, Delhi by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Popular Stall by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Playfellows by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Meat Shop in Peshawur by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Streatley Mill by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Kiosque, Paris by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1500771).jpg "The Bridge, Pont-Aven by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Vegetable Market, Peshawar, 1905 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1497026).jpg "World")
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.jpg "Lookers-on by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1496999).jpg "World")
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.jpg "The Tuileries Gardens by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Ruined Palace, 1905 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Rush to the Stall by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Street Scene, Kioto by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1510457).jpg "World’s Children: Spanish, Light and Shade by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "The State Entry, A Distinguished Maharaja by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Little Shop in Chelsea, c.1884-87 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Goring by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Near the Bridge, Sutton Courtney by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Srinagar by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Daughters of the Sun by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1505602).jpg "World’s Children: Dutch, All in a Row by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Cloisonne Worker by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Umbrellas and Commerce by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Narrow Thoroughfare, 1905 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Abingdon by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "The Taj Mahal, Agra by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Swinging along in the Sun by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Watching the Play by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Corner at the Rue de Seine by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Famous Led Horse in the Retinue of the Rao of Cutch by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Religious Procession by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "The Mill at Abingdon by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Remains of Ancient Rome by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Fruit Stall, 1905 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Lake of Lucerne by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1497870).jpg "The Cradle by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Bara Durri at Delhi by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Humayun")
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.jpg "Santa Maria Della Salute by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1494137).jpg "World’s Children: English, Lilac Sunbonnet by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "On the Banks of Holy River, Benares by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Hawksman of Rajgarh by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Standard-bearer by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Typical Group in the Retainers Procession by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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