Jean Fouquet was a French painter whose works are classified between late Gothic and early Renaissance. He is considered the inventor of miniature portraits. The artist was born in the city of Tours around 1420. An exact date of birth is not known. Also about his family, his education and his early years of life we know basically nothing. He could have been apprenticed to the so-called "Master of Jouvenel" an anonymous artist from Nantes, at least their painting style is so similar that in former times the early works of the master were taken for works by Fouqet. It is also believed that Jean Fouquet was in Italy between 1445 and 1447, where he studied early Italian Renaissance art in detail. At the very least, it is known that during this stay he painted a portrait of Pope Eugene IV, who died in 1447. Unfortunately, this painting no longer exists, only copies made later.
Around 1450, Jean Fouquet went to the French court as a court painter. Both King Charles VII and his successor Louis XI were his powerful patrons. Very well known are Fouquet's paintings "Marriage of Charles IV and Marie of Luxembourg", Charles VII as one of the three magicians" and "the funeral of Etienne Chevalier", which he painted for the court. High-ranking personalities also had themselves and their families painted by Fouquet, or commissioned other paintings, including the royal treasurer Chevalier and Jean Bernard, the archbishop of Tours. But he also produced large numbers of altarpieces and religious paintings for churches, chapels and private clients. Famous are his "Pieta", "The Annunciation", "The Building of the Temple of Jerusalem" and the dyptichon in the cathedral of Melun, which Chevalier commissioned in memory of his late wife.
Considered by many to be the artist's most famous work are his beautiful miniatures, among others in the "Book of Hours of Etienne Chevalier". They are masterfully depicted, perfectly illuminated and absolutely detailed.
Around 1460, the painter probably married. However, nothing is known about the wife or about possible children. Jean Fuquet was very wealthy and ran a large workshop with many employees. Here he also created designs for tapestries and stained glass windows. For many art connoisseurs, Fouquet is considered the greatest French painter of his time. He died between 1478 and 1481, also the exact date of death is unknown.
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.jpg "The Enthroned Madonna with the Christ Child. Diptych of Melun, Right Wing by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Nursing Madonna by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "The Holy Trinity, the Suffrage of the Saints, Miniature in")
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.jpg "The Coronation of the Virgin (from")
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_(mort_en_1441)_la_cour_-_(MeisterDrucke-941588).jpg "Portrait of the Ferrara Court Jester Gonella by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Left hand panel of the Melun Diptych: Etienne Chevalier with his patron saint St Stephen by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Self-Portrait from the Diptych of Notre-Dame de Melun by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Madonna Surrounded by Seraphim and Cherubim by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Portrait of Louis XI by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Etienne Chevalier with St. Stephen by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Fall of Jericho, c.1465-70 by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "The Martyrdom of Saint Andrew Crucified. Miniature Taken from")
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_Roland_died_in_Roncevaux_Miniature_in_Grandes_Chro_-_(MeisterDrucke-1065651).jpg "Battle of Roncesvalles (778). Roland died in Roncevaux. Miniature in Grandes Chroniques de France (Folio 113) by Jean Fouquet, BN, Paris by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Joshua and the Fall of Jericho. Illustration in Flavius Josephus \"Antiquities of the Jews\" by Jean Fouquet")
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_the_Battle_of_Bouvines_on_27071214_between_the_Fr_-_(MeisterDrucke-1063146).jpg "Franco-English War (1202-1214): the Battle of Bouvines on 27/07/1214 between the French army of Philippe Auguste and the Flemish and Welfs of Othon IV. The French victory was decisive in the outcome of the war. Miniature from")
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.jpg "Portrait of Charles VII by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Coronation of Emperor Charlemagne on the 25th December, 800 in Rome by Pope Leo III, illumination from Les Grandes Chroniques de France by Jean Fouquet, c. 1455-1460 by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Virgin and Child Surrounded by Cherubim and Seraphim (detail) by Jean Fouquet")
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_and_his_chamberlain_receive_a_m_-_(MeisterDrucke-1065669).jpg "The mayor of the Palais Charles Martel and his chamberlain receive a messenger from the Duke of Eudes d")
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.jpg "Condemnation and Torture of the Amauricians in the Presence of Philip II Known as Philip Auguste (from")
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.jpg "The Nativity and the Adoration of the Shepherds. Miniature in")
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 and Blanche de Castille (1188-1252) from Les Grandes Chroniques de France c1460 - (MeisterDrucke-110934).jpg "The Coronation of Louis VIII and Blanche de Castille, from")
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_During_the_Hundred_Years_War_Henry_V_of_England_defea_-_(MeisterDrucke-1062775).jpg "Battle of Azincourt (1415) by Jean Fouquet")
_During_the_Hundred_Years_War_Henry_V_of_England_defea_-_(MeisterDrucke-1062775).jpg)
_(1090_-_(MeisterDrucke-1058151).jpg "Representation of Saint Bernard of Clairvaux (1090-1153) tempted by the devil. Miniature taken from")
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_to_Philip_VI_of_Valois_(12_-_(MeisterDrucke-1063149).jpg "The tribute of King Edward III of England to Philip VI of Valois, King of France, in 1330. Miniature from")
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.jpg "The Right Hand of God Protecting the Faithful against the Demons, ca. 1452-1460 by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "The Siege of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar (c.1470) by Jean Fouquet")
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_-_Battle_be_-_(MeisterDrucke-1313551).jpg "Battle between the Maccabees and the Seleucids. Illustration in Flavius Josephus")
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_at_the_Basilica_Saint_Denis_Miniatu_-_(MeisterDrucke-1067478).jpg "Burial of King Philip IV the Fair at the Basilica Saint Denis. Miniature taken from “The Chronicles of Saint Denis” by Jean Fouquet by Jean Fouquet")
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 cannot bring back - (MeisterDrucke-287443).jpg "King Clothar II Cannot Bring Back His Son Dagobert I to Paris, from")
 cannot bring back - (MeisterDrucke-287443).jpg)
 in hono - (MeisterDrucke-224523).jpg "Banquet Given by Charles V in Honour of His Uncle Emperor Charles IV in 1378, from the Grandes Chroniques de France by Jean Fouquet")
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_appreting_to_leave_overseas_Miniature_-_(MeisterDrucke-1055534).jpg "The King Saint Louis (Louis IX) preparing to leave overseas. Miniature from Les Grandes Chroniques by Jean Fouquet, Paris, Library of the Arsenal by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "King Solomon")
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.jpg "The Annunciation, from")
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_at_the_Palace_of_the_Cit_-_(MeisterDrucke-1062824).jpg "Banquet offered by King Charles V of France at the Palace of the Cite in honor of Emperor Charles IV and Wencesla IV king of Bohemia. Miniature from")
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 Receiving the Germanic Ambassador c1450 - (MeisterDrucke-207953).jpg "Julius Caesar (100-44 BC) Receiving the Germanic Ambassador, c.1450 by Jean Fouquet")
 Receiving the Germanic Ambassador c1450 - (MeisterDrucke-207953).jpg)
.jpg "Hours of Etienne Chevalier, No. 201 and No. 202 by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Philip III the Bold, French King by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "The martyrdom of Saint Peter, miniature from")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-63620).jpg "Gonella, the Ferrara court jester, c.1445 by Jean Fouquet")
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 Preaching the Crusade at Clermont in the Presence of King Philippe I (1053-1108) of France in 1095 from Les Grandes Chroniques de France c1460 - (MeisterDrucke-193785).jpg "Urban II Preaching the Crusade at Clermont in the Presence of King Philippe I of France in 1095, from")
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.jpg "The Adoration of the Magi by Jean Fouquet")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-268237).jpg "Entry into Paris of King Jean II (1319-64) Le Bon and Queen Jeanne of Boulogne, from")
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.jpg "The Hours of the Virgin: the Death of the Virgin, miniature in")
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_preaching_the_first_crusade_at_the_Council_of_Clermont_-_(MeisterDrucke-1067551).jpg "Pope Urban II preaching the first crusade at the Council of Clermont, France, uniting knights, nobility and cardinals by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Virgin and Child surrounded by cherubim and seraphim, (detail) by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Pentecost: the ascension of the Holy Spirit. Miniature taken from The Book of Hours of Etienne Chevalier by Jean Fouquet by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Primate writing the great chronicles of France at the abbey of Saint Denis. Miniature from the manuscript by Jean Fouquet Grandes Chroniques de France. Paris, BN by Jean Fouquet")
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_by_the_peers_of_France_on_16091380_Mini_-_(MeisterDrucke-1057629).jpg "The coronation of Charles VI by the peers of France on 16 September 1380. Miniature from")
_by_the_peers_of_France_on_16091380_Mini_-_(MeisterDrucke-1057629).jpg)
 in Paris 28th May 1364 c1460 - (MeisterDrucke-150952).jpg "The Arrival of Charles V (1337-80) in Paris, 28th May 1364, c.1460 by Jean Fouquet")
 in Paris 28th May 1364 c1460 - (MeisterDrucke-150952).jpg)
.jpg "Saint John at the Last Supper, miniature from")
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 receiving Emperor Char - (MeisterDrucke-263295).jpg "Charles V Receiving Emperor Charles IV at the Porte du Temple in Paris, January 1378, from")
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.jpg "St. Anne with Three Married Women, from the")
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.jpg "The Construction of the Jerusalem Temple by King Solomon, Detail Representing the Stone Cutters, Miniature from")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-13587).jpg "1420, died before 1481 by Jean Fouquet")
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_and_the_Flemish_so-call_-_(MeisterDrucke-1058108).jpg "Battle of Kortrijk between Philip IV the Bel and the Flemish so-called Battle of Golden Spurs 11/07/1302 Miniature taken from Les grandes chronicles de France by Jean Fouquet 15th century. Paris, B.N. by Jean Fouquet")
_and_the_Flemish_so-call_-_(MeisterDrucke-1058108).jpg)
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.jpg "The Story of Joseph, Illustration, from")
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.jpg "Desecration of the Temple of Jerusalem in 63 BC by Pompey and his soldiers, illustration from")
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_carried_by_Q_-_(MeisterDrucke-1065426).jpg "Procession on the occasion of the baptism of Charles VI carried by Queen Jeanne d")
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_with_his_wife_Berthe_of_Hollande_and_their_c_-_(MeisterDrucke-1066157).jpg "King of France Philip I with His Wife Berthe of Hollande and Their Children Constance of France and Louis VI (from")
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.jpg "The Annunciation, Miniature from the Hours of Étienne Chevalier. Office of the Holy Spirit, Matins by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Etienne Marcel, a Provost of the Merchants of Paris, Told by King John II the Good of France to Respect the")
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.jpg "Portrait of King Charles VII of France by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Guillaume Jouvenel des Ursins, Baron de Trainel, Chancellor of France under Charles VII and Louis XI by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Job on his manure pile, overwhelmed by all misfortunes. Miniature in")
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.jpg "Crucifixion, Miniature from")
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.jpg "Ms 412 Page from the Missal de Paris, c.1475 by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Sacred Charles VI in Reims in 1380. Miniature in")
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.jpg "St. Veran exorcising the possessed in the north aisle of the Cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris, from the")
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.jpg "Battle of the Hebrews Against the Canaanites and the Chastisement of Korah and the Rebels, Illustration from")
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.jpg "Construction of the Temple of Jerusalem by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "The Fall of Jericho, illustration from")
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.jpg "Battle of the Maccabees against Bacchides, miniature Ms fr 247 folio 270 by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "The Assumption of the Virgin Book of Hours by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "The Building of the Temple of Solomon. Illustration in Flavius Josephus \"Antiquities of the Jews\" by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "The Passage of Rubicon by Julius Caesar by Jean Fouquet")
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_and_banquet_in_13_-_(MeisterDrucke-1055840).jpg "Institution of the Order of the Star by Jean le Bon and Banquet in 1352 by Jean Fouquet")
_and_banquet_in_13_-_(MeisterDrucke-1055840).jpg)
 Crossing the Rubicon c1470 (detail) - (MeisterDrucke-171078).jpg "Julius Caesar Crossing the Rubicon, c.1470 (detail) by Jean Fouquet")
 Crossing the Rubicon c1470 (detail) - (MeisterDrucke-171078).jpg)
.jpg "The Building of the Temple of Jerusalem, detail showing masons at work, illustration from")
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.jpg "Charles II the Evil King of Navarre by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Miniature funeral scene in")
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_of_Vendome_-_(MeisterDrucke-215048).jpg "The Court of Justice: Charles VII of Vendome against Jean, Duc d")
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.jpg "The coronation of Philippe Auguste in Reims on 1/11/1179. Miniature from Chronicles of Saint Denis by Jean Fouquet (1420-1481) by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Condemnation and torture of the Amauricians (supporters of Amaury de Chartres) in the presence of Philip II known as Philip Augustus. Manuscript Grandes Chroniques de France (Folio 236) by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Desecration of the Temple of Jerusalem by Pompey by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Guillaume Jouvenel des Ursins was Chancellor under Charles VII and Louis XI by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Drawing for Portrait of Guillaume Jouvenel des Ursins, Chancellor of Charles VII by Jean Fouquet by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Pieta, St Martin")
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.jpg "The Creation, God Introducing Adam and Eve, illustration from")
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 King of France and Conrad III (1093-1152) King of Germany into Constantinople during the Crusades 1147-49 (see also 38992) - (MeisterDrucke-204685).jpg "Entry of Louis VII King of France and Conrad III King of Germany into Constantinople during the Crusades, 1147-49 by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "Madonna Surrounded by Seraphim and Cherubim in Loches Castle by Jean Fouquet")
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 and the division of his kingdom Grandes Chroniques de France - (MeisterDrucke-162033).jpg "Death of Clothar I and the Division of His Kingdom, Grandes Chroniques de France by Jean Fouquet")
 and the division of his kingdom Grandes Chroniques de France - (MeisterDrucke-162033).jpg)
_Minia_-_(MeisterDrucke-1063049).jpg "Held of a Chapter of the Order of Saint Michel around Louis XI (1423-1483) Miniature from")
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.jpg "The Second Annunciation, Miniature in")
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.jpg "Miniature Annunciation taken from The Book of Hours of Etienne Chevalier by Jean Fouquet by Jean Fouquet")
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.jpg "The Martyrdom of Saint James the Major. Miniature from")
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 at - (MeisterDrucke-304762).jpg "Arrival of Emperor Charles IV (1316-78) at the Basilica of Saint-Denis, from the Grandes Chroniques de France, c.1460 by Jean Fouquet")
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